9. CODING & DECODING
(i) Coding : A particular code or pattern is used to express a word or to express it in different word or in different form.
The coded word itself does not make any sense unless we know the code, i.e. unless we use pattern or code that has been followed.
(ii) Decoding : Decoding refers to the, process of arriving at an equivalent word from the code wrod given.
In the questions, a particular code is given and on the basis of this given code, we have to find out how to code other words.
The correct code for the given word has to be selected from the answer choices on the basis of the code given in the question.
Illustration 1
In a certain code language, if the word REJECTION is coded as SGMIHZPWW,
then how is the word MECHANIC coded in the same language?
(A) N G F L F T P K (B) N G P L F T P K
(C) N G F K F T P K (D) N G A T P K I L
Solution
Word R E J E C T I O N
+ 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9
Code S G M I H Z P W W
Following the above pattern, we can code the given word.
Word M E C H A N I C
Code N G F L F T P K
Illustration 2
In a certain code language, if the number 1 is assigned to all the letters at odd places in
the alphabet and the remaining letters are assigned the number 2 then what is the code for the word INDIAN?
(A) 2121212 (B) 211211 (C) 122122 (D) 122112
Solution
The code for the word INDIAN is 122112. Here A, I = 1 (odd position) & D, N = 2 (even positions).
Illustration 3
In a certain code language, if the word ‘PARTNER’ is coded as ‘OZQSMDQ’,
then what is the code for the word ‘SEGMENT’ in that in languate?
(A) TFHNFOU (B) RDFLDMS (C) RDELDMS (D) RDFEDNS
Solution
Word : P A R T N E R
Logic : –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1
Code : O Z Q S M D Q
Similarly the code for SEGMENT is
Word : S E G M E N T
Logic : –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1 –1
Code : R D F L D M S
Illustration 4
In a certain code language, if the word ‘RECTANGLE’ is coded as TGEVCPING
, then how is the word ‘RHOMBUS’ coded in that language?
(A) TJOQDWV (B) TJQNDWU (C) TJQODWU (D) TJQOEWU
Solution
Word : R E C T A N G L E
Logic : +2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
Code : T G E V C P I N G
Similarly, the code for RHOMBUS is
Word : R H O M B U D
Logic : +2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
Code : T J Q O D W U
Illustration 5
In a certain code if the word SPHERE is coded as EREHPS, then how is the word
‘EXHIBITION’ coded in that language?
(A) NOTITBIHXE (B) NOITIDIHXE (C) NOITIBIHWE (D) NOITIBIHXE
Solution
Word : S P H E R E
Logic : The letters in the given word are reversed.
Code : E R E H P S
Similarly, the code for EXHIBITION, is:
Word : E X H I B I T I O N
Logic : The letters in the given word are reversed.
Code : N O I T I B H I X E
Illustration 6
In a certain code language, if the word PLAYER is coded as AELPRY, then how is the word MANAGER coded in that language?
(A) AEAGMNR (B) AAGEMNR (C) AAEGMNR (D) AAEGNMR
Solution
Word : P L A Y E R
Logic : The letters in the word are arranged in the increasing order of their value as in the alphabet.
Code : A E L P R Y
Similarly, the code for MANAGER is AAEGMNR.
Illustration 7
In a certain code language, if the number 1 is assigned to all the letters in odd numbered places in
the alphabet and the remaining letters are assigned the number 2, then what is the code for the word ‘INDIAN’?
(A) 121212 (B) 111222 (C) 112212 (D) 122112
Solution
The code for the word is 122112.
Illustration 8
In a certain code language, if CRICKET is coded as 3923564, ROCKET is
coded as 913564 and KETTLE is coded as 564406 then how is LITTLE coded in that language?
(A) 24406 (B) 024406 (C) 020446 (D) 200446
Solution
As we observe that the letters and their corresponding codes are given in order i.e.,
the code for C is 3, R is 9, I is 2 and so on. Hence, the code for ‘LITTLE’ is 024406.
Illustration 9
Directions : In a certain code language, the codes for some words are as follow:
NATION – agvnab
REMOTE – rzgrbe
STAIR – efgnv
FORMAL – bensyz
COMMON – zabzpb
FOR – ebs
(i) What is the code for ‘SCREEN’?
(A) fepcra (B) fpersa (C) fpreba (D) fperra
(ii) What is the code for ‘RATION’?
(A) ensvba (B) engvba (C) engrba (D) engvca
(iii) What is the code for ‘CREATOR’?
(A) prengbc (B) persbgc (C) perngbe (D) pebryc
(iv) What is the code for ‘AMERICAN’ ?
(A) nzrevpna (B) nzrespna (C) nzlespna (D) nzreqpna
Solution
The given words and their codes are as follow :
(1)NATION – agvnab
(2)REMOTE – rzgrib
(3)STAIR – efgnv
(4 FORMAL – bensyz
(5)COMMON – zabzpb
(6)FOR – ebs
In the 1st word the letter N is repreated and so is the code a. Hence, for N, the code is a. Similarly,
from the 2nd word, the code for E is ‘r’. In 1st and 6th words the letter o is common and so is the code b. Hence
, the code for o is b. In the 5th word the letter m is repeated and so is the code z. Hence, the code for m is z. Similarly,
the codes for the remaining letters can be determined.
Teh letters and their respective codes are as follows :
The code for ‘SCREEN’ is feprra.
The code for ‘RATION’ is engvba.
The code for ‘CREATOR’ is pernbge.
The code for ‘AMERICAN’ is nzrevpna.
Illustration 10
In a certain code if white is called black, black is yellow, yellow is blue,
blue is called red, red is called green, green is called purple, then what is the colour of blood in that language?
(A) Red (B) Green (C) Yellow (D) Purple
Solution
The colour of blood is red and in this code Red is called Green. Hence, blood is green in colour.
Solved Examples
Example 1
If GIVE is coded as 5137 and BAT is coded as 924, how is GATE coded ?
(A) 5427 (B) 2547 (C) 5247 (D) 5724 (E) 2475
Solution
Clearly it can be seen that G is coded as 5; A as 2, T as 4 and E as 7. So the code for GATE is 5247.
Example 2
If B = 2, H = 8 and CAB = 6, then what is the number value of RACE ?
(A) 31 (B) 30 (C) 28 (C)27 (E) 29
Solution
Clearly, in a given code :
A = 1, B = 2, C = 3etc. Now CAB = 3 + 1 + 2 = 6
RACE = 18 +1 + 3 + 5 = 27. Hence, the answer is (d).
Example 3
In a certain code, 15789 is written as XTZAL and 2346 is written as NPSU. How is 23549 written in that code ?
(A) NPTUL (B) PNTSL (C) NPTSL (C) NBTSL (E) None
Solution
Looking into the method of coding, it is clear that 2 is coded as N, 3 as P, 5 as
T, 4 as S and 9 as L. So, 23549 is coded as NPTSL. The anwer is (C).
Example 4
In a certain code, ROAD is written as URDG. How is SWAN written in that code ?
(A) VXDQ (B) VZDQ (C) UXDQ (D) VZCO (E) None
Solution
Clearly, in ROAD, each letter is moving 3 steps forward to write URDG.
So accordingly moving each letter of SWAN 3 steps forward as can write it as VZDQ. So the answer is (b).
Example 5
If in a certain language REMOTE is coded ass ROTEME, which word would be coded as PNIICC?
(A) NPIICC (B) PICCIN (C) PINCIC (D) PICNIC (E) PICINC
Solution
The groups of second and third letters; fourth and fifth letters in the word interchange
places in that code. Hence, the word PICNIC would be coded as PNIICC.
Example 6
If in a certain code language ABCD is written as ZYXW, then how is the word DANCE written in that code ?
(A) WZMXV (B) MXZWV (C) VMZXM (D) ZMWXV (E) MZWXV
Solution
The role of coding is T+n is coded as T–n. A is the first letter from the start
which is coded as first letter from the end i.e. Z and so on. DANCE is coded as WXMXV. The answer is (a).
Example 7
If sky is called sea, sea is called water, water is called air, air is called cloud and cloud is called river,
then what do we drink when thirsty ?
(A) Sky (B) Air (C) Water (D) Sea (E) Cloud
Solution
One drinks ‘water’ when thirsty and as given ‘water’ is called air. So we drink air when thirsty. The answer is (b).
Example 8
If ‘tee see pee’ means ‘ Drink fruit juice’; ‘see kee tee’ means ‘Juice is Sweet’ and
‘Lee ree mee’ means ‘He is intelligent’, which word is that language means ‘sweet’?
(A) see (B) kee (C) lee (D) pee (E) tee
Sol : We have
‘tee see pee’ as ‘Drink fruit juice’ ......(i)
‘see kee lee’ as ‘Juice is sweet’ ..... (ii)
‘lee ree mee’ as ‘He is intelligen’ ......(iii)
From (i) and (ii), the common word is ‘Juice’ and the common code is ‘see’. So ‘see’ means
‘ Juice’ from (ii) and (iii), the common word is ‘is’ and the common code is ‘lee’. So ‘lee’ means ‘is’.
Thus in (ii), the remaining word ‘sweet’ is coded as ‘kee’. Therefore, the answer is (b).
Example 9
In a certain code language, ‘479’ means ‘ fruit is sweet’; ‘248’ means ‘
very sweet voice’ and ‘637’ means ‘eat fruit daily’. Which digit stands for ‘is’ in that code ?
(A) 7 (B) 9 (C) 4 (D) Can’t determined (E) None
Solution
In the first and second statements, the common code digit is ‘4’ and common word is ‘sweet’ so ‘4’ means
‘sweet’ similarly from first and third statement, we find that ‘7’ means ‘fruit’. Thus in the second statement,
‘9’ means ‘is’. Therefore, the answer is (B).
1. If ACNE is coded as 3, 7, 29, 11, BOIL will be coded as :
(A) 5, 31, 21, 25 (B) 5, 31, 19, 25
(C) 5, 29, 19, 25 (D) 5, 29, 19, 27
2. If in a certain code MICHAEL is coded as JGBHBGO, in this code AMERICA will be written as :
(A) XKDRJEC (B) XKDRKED (C) XKDRJED (D) XKERJED
3. If REACHING TOMORROW is coded as HOJIDBFS XPSSPNPU, UTHJMG EFZBMFE means:
(A) TRAINS DELAYED (B) FLIGHT DELAYED
(C) CANCEL JOURNEY (D) FLIGHT CANCEL
4. If CRICKETER is coded as DQJBLDUDS, PLAYER will be coded as:
(A) QMBZFA (B) OMZZDS (C) QKBXFQ (D) QKBZDS
5. If FASHION is coded as NFOAISH, how will TRITIES be coded in that language?
(A) STERITI (B) STERIIT (C) STERTII (D) STREIIT
6. If POLITICS is coded as OPILITSC, how will ARTICLES be coded in that language?
(A) RAITLCES (B) RAITLCSE (C) ARITLCSE (D) RAITLECS
7. If in a code language CIRCLE is coded as XRIOXV, how would you code SQUARE in the same language?
(A) HJFZIV (B) HJFZIX (C) HJFZIX (D) HJFZVI
8. If FLARE is coded as 21, 15, 26, 9, 22, how would BREIF be coded in the same language?
(A) 25, 9, 22, 21, 18 (B) 5, 37, 11, 19, 13 (C) 13, 19, 11, 37, 5 (D) 25, 9, 22, 18, 21
9. If in certain code language, UTENSIL is coded as WVGPUKN, which word would be coded as DMSFXG?
(A) BKQEVE (B) BKQDWE (C) BKQDWF (D) BKQDVE
10. If in code language REMOTE is coded as ROTEME, which word would be coded as PNIICC?
(A) PNIICC (B) PICCIN (C) PINCIC (D) PICNIC
1. If in a certasin language MYSTIFY is coded as NZTUJG, how is NEMESIS coded in that language ?
(A) MDLHRDR (B) OFNFTJT (C) ODNHTDR (D) PGOKUGU
2. In a certain code language TAP is written as SZO, then in the same code language, FREEZE is written as
(A) EQDFYG (B) ESDFYF (C) GQFDYF (D) EQDDYD
3. In a certain code SIKKIM is written as THLJJL. How is TRAINING written in that code ?
(A) SQBHOHOH (B) UQBHOHOF (C) UQBJOHHO (D) UQBJOHOH
4. In a certain code, MENTION is written as LNEITNO. How is PATTERN written in that code ?
(A) APTTREM (B) PTAETNR (C) OTAETNR (D) OTAETRN
5. In a certain code, FORGE is written as FPTJI. How is CULPRIT written in that code ?
(A) CSJNPGR (B) CVMQSTU (C) CVNSVNZ (D) CXOSULW
6. If in a certain language CARROM is coded as BZQQNL, which word will be coded as HOUSE ?
(A) IPVTF (B) GNTRD (C) INVRF (D) GPTID
7. If in a certain language, NEOMAN is coded as OGRQFT, which word will be coded as ZKCLUP ?
(A) YJBKTO (B) XIAJSN (C) YIZHPJ (D)YIAQKJ
8. If in a certain language, POPULAR is coded as QPQVMBS, which word would be coded as GBNPVT ?
(A) FAMOSU (B) FAMOUS (C) FASOUM (D) FOSAUM
9. If in a certain language, CALCUTTA is coded as GEPGYXXE which word would be coded as FSQFCE?
(A) BOMBYA (B) BOMBAY (C) BOMYAB (D) BOBAYM
10. If in a certain language, MACHINE is coded as LBBIHOD, which would be coded as SLTMFNB ?
(A) RKSLEMA (B) TKULGMC (C) RMSNEOA (D) TMUNGOC
11. If in a certain language A is coded as 1, B is coded as 2, and so on, how is BIDDIC coded in that code ?
(A) 294493 (B) 284563 (C) 375582 (D) 394492
12. If PAINT is coded as 74128 and EXCEL is coded as 93596, then how would you decode ADDEPT ?
(A) 455978 (B) 547978 (C) 554978 (D) 735961
13. If D = 4, and cover = 63, then BASIS = ?
(A) 49 (B) 50 (C) 54 (D) 55
14. If PALAM could be given the code number 43, what code number can be given to ACCEPT ?
(A) 75 (B) 85 (C) 120 (D) 123
15. If Z = 52 and ACT = 48, then BAT will be equal to
(A) 39 (B) 41 (C) 44 (D) 46
16. If the cook is called butler, butler is called manager, manager is called teacher, teacher is
called clerk and clerk is called prinipal, who will teach in the class ?
(A) Cook (B) Butler (C) Manager (D) Clerk
17. If diamond is called gold, gold is called silver, silver is called ruby and ruby is called
emerald, which is the cheapest jewel ?
(A) Diamond (B) Silver (C) Gold (D) Ruby
18. If eye is called hand, hand is called mouth, mouth is called ear, ear is called nose and
nose is called tongue, with which of the following would a person hear ?
(A) Eye (B) Mouth (C) Nose (D) Ear
19. If rat is called dog, dog is called mangoose, mangoose is called lion, lion is called
snake and snake is called an elephant, which is reared as pet ?
(A) Rat (B) Dog (C) Mongoose (D) Lion
20. If finger is called toe, toe is called foot, foot is called thumb, thumb is called ankle,
ankle is called palm and palm is called knee, which one finger has different name ?
(A) Thumb (B) Ankle (C) Knee (D) Palm
21. If ‘nso ptr kli chn’ stands for ‘sharma get marriage gift’, ‘ptr lnm wop chn’ stands for
‘wife gives marriage gift’, ‘tti wop nhi’ stands for ‘he gives nothing’ what would mean ‘gives’ ?
(A) chn (B) nhi (C) ptr (D) wop
22. If ‘tee see pee’ means ‘Drink fruit juice’; ‘see kee lee’ means ‘Juice is sweet’ and ‘
lee ree mee’ means ‘He is intelligent’,which word in that language means ‘sweet’ ?
(A) see (B) kee (C) lee (D) pee
23. If ‘Sti nro kti’ stands for ‘clouds pour down’ ; ‘nro bsi mit’ stands for ‘down he goes’
and ‘bsi nro zpi’ stands for ‘died down he’, which word would mean ‘goes’ ?
. (A) nro (B) mit (C) kti (D) bsi
24. In a certain code language,
(A) ‘Pit no som’ means ‘bring me water’; (B) ‘na jo tad’ means ‘water is life’;
(C) ‘jo lin kot’ means’ Life and death’.
Which of the following represent , ‘is’ in that language ?
(A) jo (B) na (C) tod (D) lin
25. In a certain code language,
(i) ‘il be pee’ means ‘roses are blue’;
(ii) ‘sik nee’ means ‘red flowers’;
(iii) ‘pee mit hee’ means ‘flowers are vegetables’.
How is ‘vegetables are red flowers’written in that code ?
(A) pee sik mit hee (B) sik pee hee be (C) il sik mit hee (D) cannot be determined
26. In a certain code ‘786’ means ‘study very hard’; ‘958’ means ‘hard work pays’ and ‘645’
means ‘study and work’. Which of the following is the code for ‘very’ ?
(A) 8 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) Cannot be determined
27. In a certain code language, ‘’324’means ‘Light is bright’, ‘629’ menas ‘Girl is beautiful’and ‘4758?
means ‘ I prefer bright clothes’. Which digit means ‘Light in that language ?
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 4 (D) 7
28. In a certain code language ‘526’ menas ‘sky is blue’ ; ‘24’ means ‘blue colour’ and ‘436’
means ‘colour is fun’, which of the following digit stands for ‘fun’ ?
(A) 5 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) 2
29. In a certain code :
(A) ‘134’ means ‘you are well’;
(B) ‘758’ means ‘they go home’;
(C) ‘839’ means ‘we are home’.
Which of the following represents ‘they’ in theat code language ?
(A) 5 (B) 7 (C) 8 (D) Data inadequate
30. In a certain code language, ‘3a, 2b, 7c’ menas ‘Truth is Eternal’; ‘7c, 9a, 8b, 3a’ means ‘Enmity is not Eternal’ and
‘9a, 4d, 2b, 8b’ means ‘Truth does not perish’. Which of the following means ‘Enmity’ in that language ?
(A) 3a (B) 7c (C) 8b (D) 9a
Answers
Exercise-I
1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (B) 6. (B) 7. (A) 8. (D) 9. (D) 10. (D)
Exercise-II
1. (B) 2. (D) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (C) 6. (A) 7. (C) 8. (B) 9. (A) 10. (B)
11. (A) 12. (A) 13. (B) 14. (D) 15. (D) 16. (D) 17. (D) 18. (C) 19. (C) 20. (B)
21. (D) 22. (B) 23. (B) 24. (C) 25. (D)
26. (C) 27. (A) 28. (C) 29. (D) 30. (C)