11.Blood Relations
11.1 Introduction
The family relation test or the blood relationship Tests are about the relationship of a particular person with another person of
the same family based on the chain of relationships between other members of the family.
The candidate is given a problem depicting relationships among the various members of a family in
a roundabout chain and he has to decipher the vital link that would provide a clue to the relation of two particular persons as asked in the question.
Since the success in these types of tests largely depends on the candidate’s knowledge of family relationships, one should acquire the same in right earnest.
Having acquired such knowledge while answering questions on family relationships,
the candidate should sketch the situation by making a diagram based on the statements given in the direction part of the question.
This would make the chain of relationship clear and in front of the eyes for conclusions.
The major family relationships are listed below
Father’s son, Mother’s son Brother
Mother’s or Father’s daughter Sister
Mother’s brother, father’s brother Uncle
Mother’s sister, father’s sister Aunt
Mother’s or father’s father Grandfather
Mother’s or father’s mother Grandmother
Grandfather’s or grandmother’s father Great grandfather
Grandfather’s or grandmother’s mother Great grandmother
Wife’s or husband’s brother Brother-in-law
Wife’s or husband’s sister Sister-in-law
Wife’s or husband’s father Father-in-law
Wife’s or husband’s mother Mother-in-law
Son’s wife Daughter-in-law
Daughter’s husband Son-in-law
Brother’s or sister’s son Nephew
Brother’s or sister’s daughter Niece
Uncle’s or aunt’s son or daughter Cousin
Brother’s wife Sister-in-law
Sister’s husband Brother-in-law
Son’s or daughter’s son Grandson
Son’s or daughter’s daughter Granddaughter
Illustration 1
. Mr. Gandhi and his son, Rohit were going in a car. The car crashed, the father was killed instantly and Rohit. who was injured critically
, was rushed to the hospital. The old surgeon took a look at him and said. “1 cannot operate on him. he is my son Rohit.” How do you explain this?
(A) Rohit had 2 fathers. (B) The father was not Mr. Gandhi.
(C) The surgeon was somebody else’s father. (D) The surgeon is a widower.
(E) Rohit’s mother has medical qualification.
Solution
Fooled by age old conventions? The surgeon, if not Rohit’s father (since his father died in the car crash) would be his mother.
The problem just tells you that the surgeon mentioned that Rohit was the surgeon’s son, nothing about the sex of the surgeon.
The answer is [e]. These kinds of problems are based on relationships between family members. Before solving the problems,
let us look at some of the notations which will help in drawing the family tree.
It is not necessary to follow them implicity. you can formulate your own notations to draw the family tree quickly and accurately.
Notations
1. A is a male
2. A is a female
3. Sex of A is not know A
4. A and B arc married to each other A = B
5. A and B are siblings A <-> B
6. A is the child of B B
¯
A
_ « A
7. A is the uncle / aunt of B ¯
B
Now. look at the data below and accordingly draw a family tree. This will help you in solving the problems further.
In a family of 5, A, B, C, D and E, A (male) has 2 children, a daughter and a son B. D is A’s son-in-law. E is C’s daughter and D’s wife.
Steps involved in drawing the tree.
Use the notations to draw the whole tree.
Step 1: A is a male
Step 2: A has two children, a daughter and a son B.
Step 3: D is A’s son-in-law. Hence, D is a male and is married to A’s daughter.
Step 4: E is C’s daughter and D’s wife means D and E are husband and wife.
Hence, E is A’s daughter. Also E is C’s daughter. This means that C is A’s wife.
Hence, the whole tree is represented as below. Solv
Solved Examples
Example 1
Rita says, “Promod’s father is the only son of my father”, how is Rita related to Promod?
Solution
Only son of Rita’s father — Rita’s brother. So, Promod’s father is Rita’s brother or Rita is the sister of Promod’s father i.e., Promod’s paternal aunt.
Example 2
Pointing to a photograph, Ravi says, “This man’s wife’s mother-in-law is my mother”. How is Ravi related to the man in the photograph?
Solution
Man’s wife’s mother-in-law is the man’s mother who is also the mother of Ravi. Hence, the man in the photograph is either Ravi or Ravi’s brother.
Example 3
In a family there are 5 members viz. parents and 3 children..The members are. A, B, C, D and E out of which 2 are males and 3 are females.
A has 3 children, 2 daughters and one son. C is B’s son. A is D’s father.
1. How is E related to B?
2. Who is D’s mother?
Solution
Step I : Identifying the type
‘A’ is the father ®
C is the son ®
So , and ® females. (Since there are 3 females, as given in the question)
Step II : [a] A has 3 children, 2 daughters and 1 son.
[b] C is B’s son. (Since A is male and B female is the mother)
[c] A is D’s father.
Only person left is ‘E’. So. ‘E’ is A’s and B’s daughter.
Now. all the questions can be easily answered.
Answers
1. E is B’s daughter.
2. B is D’s mother.
Example 4
A family of A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I, consists of 3 generations. The following is given about the family.
* A is married to B and has 2 sons and 1 daughter E.
* A, C, D, G and I are the only males in the family.
* G is B’s son-in-law.
* D is F’s brother-in-law and E’s brother.
* C has 2 children, only grandchildren in the family.
1. How is C related to G?
2 D is As –––––
3. A is I’s_____.
4. How is G related to H?
Solution
[a] 3 generations and 9 members.
[b] A is married to B and has 2 sons and 1 daughter E.
Also given, A is a male and B is a female (mother).
[c] G is B’s son-in-law
[d] If A. C. D, G and I are males
B. E. F and H are females.
[e] D is F’s brother-in-law and E’s brother.
[f] C has 2 children I and H. Since its a family of 3 generations. C has to be married to F. Hence the whole tree is represented as :
From this, we get to know all the relationships and can answer all the questions.
Answers
1 C is G’s brother-in-law.
2. D is A’s son.
3. A is I’s grandfather.
4. G is H’s uncle.
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EXERCISE-I
Directions for questions 1 and 2: Refer to the data below and answer the questions that follow.
Rahul told Arpana that he is the only son of his father and so is his father Ramaswamy. Laxminathan is Radha’s father.
Vidhya is Rahul’s only cousin from his father’s side. Vidhya is Laxminathan’s grandchild. Radha is Ramaswamy’s only sibling.
1. How is Rahul rel ated to Radha?
(A) son (B) brother (C) nephew (D) uncle (E) can’t say
2. How is Ramaswamy related to Vidhya?
(A) grandfather (B) uncle (C) son (D) brother (E) father
Directions for questions 3 to 6: Refer to the data below and answer the questions that follow.
Following information is available about a family.
(i) Meena is Reena’s only sibling.
(ii) Sita is Runi’s grandmother.
(iii) Juhi is Sujata’s and Ram’s grandchild.
(iv) Sujata has only one child, a son.
(v) Meena is Vishu’s sister-in-law and Runi’s mother,
(vi) Juhi is Vishu’s daughter
(vii) Ram is Sita’s husband.
3. Juhi is Runi’s:
(A) sister (B) cousin (C) aunt (D) neice (E) can’t say
4. Sita is Vishu’s:
(A) mother (B) aunt (C) mother-in-law (D) sister (E) grandmother
5. Vishu is Runi’s:
(A) father (B) uncle (C) grandfather (D) brother (E) can’t say
6. Ram is Sujata’s:
(A) brother (B) husband (C) brother-in-law (D) uncle (E) None of these
Directiosns for question 7: Refer to the data below and answer the questions that follow.
‘X’ said that his only brother Z, has only one son Q and a daughter W. Q is P’s favourite grandchild.
R is W’s aunt and daughter-in-law of T’ and ‘P’.
7. How is T related to W?
(A) grandmother (B) aunt (C) mother (D) none of these (E) can’t say
Directions for questions 8 to 10: Refer to the data below and answer the questions that follow.
S’s mother is Y’s sister. Y has a daughter called ‘H’. H is very attached to her mother’s mother Z.
8. How is S related to Z?
(A) grandchild (B) daughter (C) neice (D) none of these (E) can’t say
9. If we know that Z has two daughters X and Y. how is S related to Y’.’
(A) niece (B) daughter (C) aunt (D) none of these (E) can’t say
10. If R is H’s mother, then how is Y related to S?
(A) father (B) brother (C) uncle (D) none of these (E) can’t.say
EXERCISE-II
Directions : – In a family of 3 generations, there are two couples and two pairs of brothers and sisters.
* Neeta is the “sister -in-law” of Leena
* Geeta is the daughter of Jai
* Jyotsna and Rajesh is the eldest couple in the family.
* Jagdish is the son of Leena.
* Jai is the son of Rajesh. His wife is Leena.
1. Leena is the ....... of Rajesh.
(A) Aunt (B) Sister (C) Daughter (D) Daughter - in - law
2. Who is the Aunt of Jagdish?
(A) Leena (B) Geeta (C) Jyotsna (D) Neeta
3. Pointing to a photograph, a person tells his friend, “She is the grand daughter of the elder brother of my father.”
How is the girl in the photograph related to this man?
(A) Niece (B) Sister (C) Aunt (D) Sister- in - law
4. Pointing to a photograph, Vipul said, “She is the duaghter of my grandfather’s only son.”
How is Vipul related to the girl in the photograph?
(A) Father (B) Brother (C) Cousin (D) Data indaequate
5. A woman introduces a man as the son of the brother of her mother. How is the man related to the woman?
(A) Nephew (B) Son (C) Cousin (D) Uncle
6. Looking at a portrait of a man, Harish said, “His mother is the wife of my father’s only son.” At whose portrait was Harish looking?
(A) His son (B) His cousin (C) His Uncle (D) His nephew
7. A man said to a lady, “your mother’s husband’s sister is my aunt. How is the lady related to the man?
(A) Daughter (B) Grand daughter (C) Mother (D) Sister
8. In a cricket season, India defeated Australia twice, West Indies defeated India twice,
Australia defeated West Indies twice, India defeated New Zealand twice and
West Indies defeated New Zealand twice. Which country has lost most number of times?
(A) India (B) Australia (C) New Zealand (D) West Indies
9. If Neeta says, “Amrita’s father Roshan is the only son of my father -in-law Mahesh”,
then how is Beena- the sister of Amrita, related to Mahesh?
(A) Niece (B) Daughter -in-law (C) Wife (D) Grand daughter
10. Pointing to a girl in the photograph, Aman said, “Her mother’s brother is
the only son of my mother’s father being the only daughter”. How is the girl’s mother related to Aman?
(A) Mother (B) Sister (C) Aunt (D) Brother
11. A girl introduced a boy as the son of the daughter of the father of her uncle. The boy is girl’s.
(A) Cousin (B) Son (C) Uncle (D) Son - in -law
12. If X is the brother of the son of Y’s son, how is X related to Y?
(A) Son (B) Brother (C) Cousin (D) Grandson
13. Pointing to a gentleman, Deepankar’s said, “His only brother is the father of my daughter’s father.”
How is the gentleman related to Deepankar?
(A) Grandfather (B) Father (C) Brother - in - law (D) Uncle
14. A party consists of grandmother, father, mother, four sons and their wives and one
son and two daughters to each of the sons. How many females are there in all?
(A) 14 (B) 16 (C) 18 (D) 24
15. Lata and Meeta are Rohit’s wives. Shweta is Meeta’s step daughter. How is Lata related to Shweta?
(A) Sister (B) Mother - in -law (C) Mother (D) Step - mother
16. Danny has a brother Amit. Danny is the son of Chander. Bhaskar is Chander’s father.
In terms of relations, what is Amit of Bhaskar?
(A) Son (B) Grandson (C) Brother (D) Grandfather
17. Rohit’s mother is the only daughter of Anjali’s father. How is Anjali’s husband related to Rohit?
(A) Uncle (B) Father (C) Grandfather (D) Brother
18. If (i) M is brother of N (ii) B is brother of N and (iii) M is brother of D,
then which of the following statements is definitely true?
(A) N is the brother of B (B) N is the brother of D
(C) M is the brother of B (D) D is the brother of M
19. Poinitng to the photograph, Manav said, “His daughter Meeta is the granddaughter of my mother”.
Whose photograph could it be?
(A) Manav’s brother (B) Manav’s son (C) Manva’s sister (D) Cannot be determined
20. Akanksha remembers that her sister Natasha’s birthday is after nineteenth but before twenty -second of April,
whereas her father remembers that Natasha’s birthday is after twentieth but before
twenty - fourth of April. On which day of April does Natasha’s birthday fall?
(A) 20th (B) 23rd (C) 21st (D) 22nd
21. “X” is the brother of “Y”, “Y” is the wife of “Z”, “Z” is the brother of “W”. What is the relation of “W” to “X”?
(A) Son (B) Daughter (C) Sister- in -law (D) No specific relation
Directions : – There are six persons A, B, C, D, E and F. C is the sister of F. B is the brother of E’s husband.
D is the father of A and grandfather of F. There are two fathers, three brothers and a mother in the group.
22. Who is the mother?
(A) A (B) B (C) D (D) E
23. Who is E’s husband?
(A) B (B) C (C) A (D) F
24. How many male members are there in the group?
(A) One (B) Two (C) Three (D) Four
Directions: – Abhishek, Bhasker, Chanchal and Devendra are married to Alka,
Ash, Neeta, and Anne not necessarily in that order. Bhasker and Devendra are not married to
Anne or to Ash, Abhishek is not married to Ash nor Bhaskar to Neeta.
25. Bhaskar is married to :
(A) Alka (B) Ash (C) Neeta (D) Anne
26. Neeta is married to :
(A) Abhishek (B) Bhaskar (C) Chanchal (D) Devendra
27. Abhishek is married to ;
(A) Alka (B) Ash (C) Neeta (D) Anne
28. Ash is married to :
(A) Abhishek (B) Bhaskar (C) Chanchal (D) Devendra
Directions: –
I. A, B, C, D, E and F form a group of friends from a club.
II. There are two housewives, one lecturer, one architect, one accountant and one lawyer in the group.
III. There are two married couples in the group.
IV. The lawyer is married to D who is a housewife.
V. No lady in the group is either an architect or an accountant.
VI. C, the accountant, is married to F who is a lecturer.
VII. A is married to D and E is not a housewife.
29. Which of the following is one of the married couples?
(A) BA (B) AF (C) CE (D) None of these
30. What is E’s profession?
(A) Lawyer (B) Architect (C) Lecturer (D) Accountant
31. How many members of the group are male?
(A) Indeterminable (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4
32. How is B related to C?
(A) Brother or Sister (B) Brother (C) Sister (D) Indeterminable
33. Which of the following statements, (i) to (vii), is superfluous to find
out answers to all the above questions?
(A) i (B) ii (C) iv (D) None of these
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Answers
Exercise-I
1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (C) 5. (B)
6. (E) 7. (E) 8. (E) 9. (E) 10. (C)
Exercise-II
1. (D) 2. (D) 3. (A) 4. (B) 5. (C)
6. (A) 7. (D) 8. (C) 9. (D) 10. (A)
11. (A) 12. (D) 13. (D) 14. (A) 15. (C)
16. (B) 17. (B) 18. (C) 19. (A) 20. (C)
21. (D) 22. (D) 23. (C) 24. (D) 25. (A)
26. (D) 27. (D) 28. (C) 29. (D) 30. (B)
31. (C) 32. (D) 33. (D)